"Anyuta" is a popular grape variety, which is distinguished by high productivity, excellent taste qualities of large berries and presentation. This article will introduce the characteristics of the variety, its advantages and disadvantages, the characteristics of planting, cultivation and the secrets of care.
Selection history
Anyuta is a hybrid table grape variety obtained as a result of the work of the famous Russian amateur breeder V. N. Krainov. The variety was created on the basis of the crossing of two varieties of "Radiant quiche" and "Talisman". The breeder managed to get a productive variety that is resistant to adverse climatic conditions with excellent taste and presentation, he named the variety in honor of his beloved granddaughter.
Grade description
"Anyuta" is a tall, mid-season variety, which is characterized by high productivity and rapid vine growth. Three years after planting, the vine can reach a length of about 3 m and during this period begins to bear fruit. The leaves are large, bisexual flowers, well pollinated in any weather.
Did you know? Since ancient times, grapes have been used to treat many diseases of organs and systems of the human body. Juicy berries improve metabolism and have beneficial effects on the functioning of the brain and nervous system.
After the formation of the ovaries after 145 days, you can begin to collect ripe clusters, this is approximately the beginning or middle of September. The variety is medium resistant to fungal diseases and can withstand frosts down to -22 ° C.
Appearance
The clusters are large, conical, loose. Their mass may be more than a kilogram. Berries with a dense bright pink peel of oval shape, large enough, weighing about 15 g and a diameter of up to 3.5 cm. Juicy and fleshy flesh contains from 1 to 4 seeds. Very delicate and pleasant taste with a slight hint of muscat.
Grape application
Annie has not only great taste, but also a spectacular look. The bunches retain their attractive appearance even during long transportation. The table variety sells well, is in great demand among buyers and is intended for fresh consumption. It is well stored in refrigerators for further sale.
Sugar content of fruits is from 18% to 50% depending on soil, climate and growing conditions, and acidity is about 6 g / l.
Advantages and disadvantages
- Advantages of Annie:
- large clusters and berries;
- great taste and aroma of berries;
- beautiful appearance;
- excellent transportability and long-term storage ability;
- resistance to wasp lesions;
- good frost resistance;
- disease resistance.
- The disadvantages of the variety:
- large bones;
- cracking of the skin of berries from excessive rainfall;
- the taste of overripe berries deteriorates, and the flesh becomes a liquid-mucous membrane;
- it is necessary to shelter the vines from severe frosts.
Rules and secrets of landing
One of the main factors for successful planting of grapes is the correct choice of place on the site and the quality of seedlings. Beginner growers need to follow simple recommendations in order to independently choose healthy seedlings and plant them correctly.
How to choose healthy seedlings when buying
It is better to buy grape seedlings in special large garden centers and nurseries. In such places, you buy the desired variety and will not be disappointed. Healthy seedlings should be greenish in color, without any damage, with elastic roots without dark traces of mold.
The seedling should have a green shoot with a length of 8 to 25 cm and at least four green leaves. The seedling must be at least 40 cm long and at least 5 mm in diameter in the middle of the internode. The main roots should be long, about 13 cm, their number - three or more.
Important! When planting grapes near capital buildings, it is imperative to retreat from the foundation by 1 m.
Where to plant on the site
Grapes are not particularly picky about the soil, but need good lighting and protection from the winds. It develops well in nutritious and light soils. The best place for him would be the south side along the wall. The wall protects from the wind and gives off heat in the evening. The more sunlight that falls on the vine, the better.
If the groundwater is too close to the surface, it is possible that the root system will rot, in order to protect the roots during planting, they must make a drainage layer.
How to plant seedlings
After choosing a place before planting the grapes, fertilizers must be applied and they dig a bed intended for the vineyard. Landing can be done in spring or autumn. Seedlings are planted in previously prepared deep pits (depth about 80 cm), the distance between them should be about 1 m.
The bottom of the pit is covered with a layer of crushed stone, then humus and complex mineral fertilizers (iron, phosphorus, potassium) are added, wood ash can be added. A layer of fertile soil is poured over the fertilizers to protect the roots from burns with fertilizers. It is advisable to leave the prepared pits for a day, and only the next day to plant seedlings.
Seedlings are placed at such a depth so as not to cover the root of the neck with earth, fill the pit with fertile soil and moisturize well. Then carefully tie the seedlings to the support.
Care Tips
Grape care includes the following main activities:
- watering;
- top dressing;
- garter;
- pruning
- soil care;
- shelter for the winter (for cold regions).
With proper care, the yield of Anyuta is very good, and your work will certainly be justified.
Important! One adult vine needs about 50 liters of water.
Watering
The grape has several periods when it needs a lot of moisture: in early spring, during flowering, after flowering.
If drought, then it is necessary to water the vine additionally, about 2-3 times a month. It all depends on weather conditions and soil.
It is impossible to overmoisten "Anyuta", it is recommended to use drop watering.
Fertilizer application
Without regular feeding, there will be no good yields. The vine needs organic and mineral fertilizers. It is especially important for grapes to obtain phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen in the right amount. The first top dressing is done in the early spring before the onset of buds, the second top dress is preferably done before flowering, and the third after harvest. In the spring it is advisable to make fertilizers based on nitrogen, and in the summer - with a high content of phosphorus and potassium.
Support
Anyuta is growing rapidly, so a strong and high support is needed for free growth. It is better to use reliable metal or wood. Temporary wooden stakes are suitable for a young vine, but at the age of 3 years a quality support is needed that will keep the grapes upright together with heavy bunches.
The main types of supports:
The most popular and profitable type is trellis. It is recommended to use metal pipes with a diameter of 3 to 6 cm and a height of 2.5 m as pillars. Metal wire with a diameter of 3 mm is used.
Shoot garter
Grapes must be tied to a support, the procedure is done carefully, being careful not to damage the vine. Tie the fruit-bearing shoots to the lower wire on the trellis and guide in the horizontal direction. When the shoots grow to 45 cm, they are tied up and sent vertically for uniform illumination.
When the shoots reach the height of the next wire, they make another garter. Starting from spring and throughout the summer, several garter procedures are performed as the shoots grow.
Soil care
Standard soil care - weeding from weeds, periodic loosening for better air access to the roots and mulching to preserve moisture. Weeding and cultivation is carried out not only around the grape bushes, but also between the rows. Mulch the soil around the vine can be sawdust, straw or humus.
Pruning
Pruning is done in the fall at the end of the growing season. The annual procedure allows you to properly form a vine and regulate the load, which favorably affects the quality of berries and productivity. It is recommended to prune the regrown fruiting vine, leaving from 8 to 12 buds.
On one vine should not be more than 35 shoots, all other shoots cut off. Also remove all dry and damaged branches.
Also sometimes pruning clusters. Under favorable weather conditions on fertile soils, Anuta is often overloaded with too many clusters. With such a load, the bush may be damaged or broken, and the quality and taste of berries deteriorate.
Too many clusters are poorly poured and ripen, so it is recommended to regulate it and leave up to 3 clusters on one shoot, and one on a thin young shoot.
Did you know? By nutrition, grape berries are closest to milk, they contain more than one and a half hundred bioactive substances.
Winter preparations
The variety is quite frost-resistant, but if in winter the temperature drops below -22 ° C, then it must be covered for the winter. After pruning, the vine is pinned to the ground, carefully bending. Additionally, top is covered with straw or spruce spruce branches. Before sheltering, it is advisable to water the grapes.
So, after acquaintance with the “Anyuta” grape variety, we can conclude that it was created for cultivation in summer cottages. Good yield and adaptation of the variety to adverse conditions enable everyone to achieve excellent results. Standard care for "Anyuta" will be mastered by everyone.
